Three-dimensional Frankfort horizontal plane for 3D cephalometry: a comparative assessment of conventional versus novel landmarks and horizontal planes

The reliability of the Frankfort Horizontal in roentgenographic cephalometry.

This longitudinal investigation was undertaken to assess the reliability of the Frankfort Horizontal line (FH) when using either anatomical Porion (Po-a) or machine Porion (Po-m) as reference landmarks. Lateral head films (22 pairs) from subjects at the ages of 11 and 14 years were analysed twice. The results revealed that: (i) the registration error of Po-a was larger than of Po-m; (ii) for Po...

Reproducibility of Frankfort Horizontal Plane on 3D Multi-Planar Reconstructed MR Images

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and reliability of Frankfort horizontal plane identification using displays of multi-planar reconstructed MRI images, and propose it as a sufficiently stable and standardized reference plane for craniofacial structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRI images of 43 subjects were obtained from the longitudinal population based cohort s...

Frankfort horizontal plane is an appropriate three-dimensinal reference in the evaluation of clinical and skeletal cant

OBJECTIVES In three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT), the cant is evaluated by measuring the distance between the reference plane (or line) and the tooth. The purpose of this study was to determine the horizontal skeletal reference plane that showed the greatest correlation with clinical evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The subjects were 15 patients who closed their eyes during the CT...

Two and Three-Dimensional Seepage Analysis of Earth Dams Considering Horizontal Filter Blanket Effects (RESEARCH NOTE)

a comparative study of the theme of "marriage" in three victorian novelists: charles dickens, george eliot and thomas hardy

این تحقیق کوشیده است با انتخاب پنج رمان از میان آثار برگزیده، «چارلز دیکنز»، «جورج الیوت» و «توماس هاردی » و با رویکردی تطبیقی به بررسی درونمایه ی «ازدواج» در آثار این سه رمان نویس بزرگ دوره ی ویکتوریا بپردازد. فرضیه ی اولیه ی تحقیق این بوده است که چارلز دیکنز (1870- 1812) با زبانی شوخ و گزنده، جورج الیوت(1880- 1819) با نگاهی آموزشی–اندرزگونه و توماس هاردی(1928- 1840) با رویکردی تلخ وانتقادی به...